notes in class

1.  obscure (v.)

-to make (something) difficult to understand or know : to make (something) obscure

-to hide or cover (something) : to be in front of (something) so that it cannot be seen

-example:The true history has been obscured by legends about what happened.

2.pastoral (adj.)

-of or relating to the countryside or to the lives of people who live in the country

-example:The house is situated in a charming pastoral setting.

3.faction  (n.)

- a group within a larger group that has different ideas and opinions than the rest of the group

-example:The committee soon split into factions.

4.deportation (n.)

-the removal from a country of an alien whose presence is unlawful or prejudicial

-example:The deportation of the Jews from Spain in 1492.

5.formative (adj.)

-(1)used to describe the time when someone or something is growing or being formed

-(2)helping to develop something

-example:This experience had a formative influence on his art.

6.canonical (adj.)

-(1)connected with or allowed by the laws of the Christian church

-(2)following the generally accepted rules of something

-example:Do you agree with that canonical rule?

7.legacy  (n.)

-money or property that you arrange for someone to have after you die

-example:My grandmother died and left me a small legacy.

8.codify (v.)

- to put (laws or rules) together as a code or system

-example:The convention codified the rules of war.

9.encroach (v.)

-to gradually take something such as power or authority from someone else

-example:The federal government is encroaching on a state issue.

10.absorb (vt.)

-(1) to take in (something, such as a liquid) in a natural or gradual way

-(2) to draw in (heat, light, energy, etc.)

-(3)to learn (something)

-example:The walls are made of a material that absorbs sound.

11.revolt  (n.)

-violent action against a ruler or government

-example:The peasants' revolt was crushed by the king.

12.crush  (v.)

-to hit or press something so hard that you damage it severely or destroy it, especially by making its shape flatter

-example:The front of the car was completely crushed in the accident.

13.arch  (n.)

- a usually curved part of a structure that is over an opening and that supports a wall or other weight above the opening

-example:There was a slight arch to her eyebrows.

14.legionary (n.)

- a soldier who is a member of a legion

-example:The daring exploits of the French legionaries have long been the stuff of literary and cinematic legend.

15.menorah  (n.)

-an object that holds seven or more candles, used in the Jewish religion

-example:Do you find the menorah?

16.candelabrum (n.)

-a proper noun

-example:He drew a candelabrum tree.

17.solidarity  (n.)

- a feeling of unity between people who have the same interests, goals, etc.

-example:The vote was a show of solidarity.

18.stateless  (adj.)

- not belonging to a nation : not a citizen of any country

-example:A stateless person is one who is not officially recognized as a citizen of any country.

19.conception (n.)

- a belief about what something is like

-example: His conception of the world is a very strange one.

20.revolutionary (adj.)

-relating to, involving, or supporting a political revolution

-example:A candidate with a lot of crazy, revolutionary ideas that no one seems to be going for.

21.termination  (n.)

- the end of an agreement, job, or situation

-example:The board may order the termination of all research activities.

22.blend (n.)

-something produced by mixing or combining different things

-example:The dish is about a blend of cream and eggs.

23.landmass (n.)

-a very large area of land (such as a continent)

-example:The islands of Ireland and Great Britain were once part of the Eurasian landmass.

24.forebear  (n.)

-a member of your family in the past

-example:Your forebears are the people in your family who lived a long time ago.

25.citadel (n.)

-a castle or fort that in past times was used to protect the people of a city if the city was attacked

-example:We visited a medieval citadel in Italy.